Chronic treatment with um-PEA almost completely abolished the increase in inflammatory markers observed in 6-month-old 3×Tg-AD mice, and suppressed the expression of p[Ser536]p65, IL-1β, M-CSF, IL-16, MCP-5, and IL-5 but not iNOS and TNF-α, while enhancing IL-10 transcription (Fig. 5). This evidence concerns the gene CSF1 and Alzheimer disease.