Our results are also consistent with a number of previously identified iHS signals, such as those for loci containing the alcohol dehydrogenase ADH7, cadherin PCDH15, synaptotagmin SYT1, the nociception receptor TRPV1, and the transmembrane protein SPINT2[27]. It should also be emphasised that our iHS signals reflect selection within our case-control dataset and therefore oversample, relative to a general Tanzanian population, for those signals associated with susceptibility to severe malaria. Here, PCDH15 is linked to malaria.