In addition to stromal cells as well as the cells of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), increased mRNA and protein levels of both TGFβ and its receptors were detected in cancer cells of human and rat prostate adenocarcinoma tissues [78, 79]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and prostate intraepithelial neoplasia.