HNF1A and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The analysis of whole-exome sequences in ~3,700 individuals in the same Latino population resulted in the identification of a novel non-synonymous and population-specific variant in the hepatic nuclear factor 1 (HNF1) homeobox A gene (HNF1A) that was strongly associated with T2D (rs483353044, encoding p.E508K, OR = 4.96, 95% CI 2.83–10.61; P = 4.4 × 10−7), conferring one of the highest effect sizes identified at that time (5).