TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: In contrast, in 10 RA patients who had failed MTX treatment and an anti-TNF agent (etanercept n = 4, adalimumab n = 3, certolizumab pegol n = 2, golimumab n = 1) was added to MTX, both B and T cells expressing GM-CSF declined significantly during treatment (B cells: from 2.65 ± 0.9 to 1.14 ± 0.6%, p = 0.005, T cells: from 3.23 ± 1.7 to 1.3 ± 0.8%, p = 0.005, Figure 3B).