Interestingly, treatment of infected macrophages with birinapant either alone or in combination with IFNγ enhanced infection-induced NO levels and bacterial killing capacity of macrophages significantly for Ms and transiently for Ec (Figures S5A–F and S6A,B in Supplementary Material), indicating the novel anti-bacterial characteristics of birinapant in line with its anti-tumor impact. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is infection.