CA12 and lung carcinoma: As stated above, a number of the markers in this study had previously been reported as expressed as mRNA or protein in lung cancer: CAIX [83, 93–107], CAXII [83, 108], KK-LC-1 [109–113], desmoglein 3 [114–116], GPR87 [91, 117–119], Ly6/PLAUR domain-containing protein 3 [118, 120–125] and solute carrier family 7 member 11 protein [63, 118].