TNF and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: Using a recently reported murine ADE model (Watanabe et al., 2015) which manifests increased vascular permeability accompanied by the production of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), we also present data demonstrating that these mVLPs may be inherently safe as they appear to lack ADE potential.