IL6 and hydrops fetalis: Although IL-6 may induce impaired myocardial function via PKG signals, chronic activation of β-adrenergic receptors, as occurs in HF, can induce IL-6 expression through cyclic AMP/PKA and the induction of STAT3 through IL-6 may induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy [126], thereby implicating IL-6 signaling in the progression to decompensated HF.