Further support for an AC9 cardioprotective role in heart comes from an observed upregulation of the micro RNA that regulates AC9 expression (miR-142-3p) in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and in mouse models of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [96,97,98,99]. The gene discussed is ADCY9; the disease is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.