NEFL and Caudate atrophy: Higher baseline levels of NfL significantly predicted increased atrophy in cortical but not subcortical regions of the GM over the following 3 years, which is consistent with the previous study reporting stronger association between baseline NfL and total GM than caudate atrophy.6 Our results extend this finding by providing further evidence that, after controlling for overall age and CAG effects, higher NfL is predictive of HD gene expansion carriers who will subsequently undergo greater GM atrophy extending beyond the striatum.