Although genetic studies have indicated that MALT1 deficiency may lead to severe immune defects, promising results upon pharmacological targeting of MALT1 in preclinical mouse models of multiple sclerosis (12) and ABC-type diffuse large B cell lymphoma (11, 13), without obvious side effects, have stirred a lot of interest in the therapeutic targeting of MALT1. Here, MALT1 is linked to multiple sclerosis.