Children with multiple infections were more likely to have higher leptin concentrations when compared to parasite‐free children, even after adjusting for body fat content.39 Similarly, recent studies in animal models and in vitro have shown that intestinal parasitic infection may have an effect on blood leptin concentrations.40 In contrast, Karul, et al in a case‐control study evaluating 40 patients found no association between intestinal parasites and leptin concentration. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and infection.