VEGFA and breast carcinoma: In addition, VEGF and IGF-1 receptor genetic variations may modify the inverse association between gestational hypertension (a symptom of preeclampsia) and mammographic density [42], and IGF1R genetic variations may predict breast cancer risk in patients with preeclampsia [33], further supporting the role of genetic factors in the association between preeclampsia and breast cancer, and suggesting future studies on these potential genetic factors are needed.