A randomized trial of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in children with CM was prematurely stopped in Mali (EPOMAL Study; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00697164), although preliminary data demonstrated the short-term safety of high doses of erythropoietin (1500 U/kg/day rHuEPO) administered for 3 days (NCT00697164, unpublished data, Picot S, pers. This evidence concerns the gene EPO and cutaneous mastocytosis.