XPO1 and cancer: Preliminary studies have focused on the use of SINE compounds as anti-cancer therapeutics, since the inhibition of CRM1-mediated export results in nuclear retention of tumor suppressing proteins (TSP) and cell cycle regulators (CCR), allowing them to impose cell cycle control and selective apoptosis in several tumor types including ovarian, pancreatic cervical, mammary, and lymphoma cancer cells [211,212,213,214].