SERPINE1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: According to previous studies, BBR could not only induce HCC apoptosis by regulating the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation [12], but also inhibits HCC migration, invasion and metastasis through the induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) [13].