Initial characterization evaluating the role of FAM3B on pancreatic islets revealed induction of pancreatic β-cell apoptosis via caspase- 3 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) pathways, suggesting that FAM3B is a potential activator in a setting of type 1 diabetes [6]. This evidence concerns the gene FAM3B and type 1 diabetes mellitus.