CD8A and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Using the chemokine signature described previously [19], we recently showed that in HPV-negative SCCHN, 79% of patients exhibit a non-CD8+ T-cell inflamed phenotype [16], indicating that T-cell exclusion and/or decreased antigenicity may be primary determinants of decreased efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in patients with HPV-negative SCCHN.