The Trx system, including Trx, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TxNIP), not only participates to the early phases of breast carcinogenesis but is also connected to ER negativity, high proliferation, and poor survival in breast cancer and is involved in chemotherapy resistance in vitro [24, 25]. Here, ESR1 is linked to breast cancer.