HMGB1 and serum lipopolysaccharide activity: Notably, administration of DOE extract (20 mg/kg) conferred protection of BALB/c mice against lethal endotoxemia even up to 6 h after LPS (10 mg/kg) treatment, and late deaths of DOE-treated animals were not detected during the 2 weeks after LPS injection, whereas the same dose of DOE extract decreased the level of circulating HMGB1 that was observed by immunoblot analysis of sera collected at 20 h after LPS injection (10 mg/kg) [53].