The fact that IKZF3 encodes the TF Aiolos, closely related to another ALL-associated TF Ikaros (IKZF1) that is also critical in hematopoietic development and cell fate, and that IKZF3 has been identified as a recurrent somatic deletion in leukemia31, suggests that it may be the functional target of our GWAS association here. This evidence concerns the gene IKZF1 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.