To define SEMA3C expression levels in benign and cancerous prostate specimens and bone metastases, we assessed the levels of SEMA3C by tissue microarray (TMA) immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of a panel of 280 human PCa specimens representing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, n = 12), untreated hormone naive (n = 114), neo‐adjuvant hormone therapy (NHT)‐treated (n = 87), NHT‐ and docetaxel‐treated (n = 53) radical prostatectomy PCa specimens, as well as CRPC bone metastases (n = 30) collected immediately after death via University of Washington Rapid Autopsy program (Rocchi et al, 2005). The gene discussed is SEMA3C; the disease is benign prostatic hyperplasia.