Our identification of 21 novel genes (ADAMTS18, ADAMTS2, ADAMTSL4, AGK, ALDH18A1, ASXL1, COL4A1, COL9A2, ERBB3, FBN1, GJA1, GNPTG, IFIH1, KIF11, LTBP2, OCA2, POLR3B, POMT1, PTPN11, TFAP2A, ZNF469) and several novel pathways (mannosylation, glycosylation, lens development, gliogenesis, and Schwann cell differentiation) potentially involved in myopia is another small step toward explaining the missing heritability in refractive error.2,21 In contrast to myopia, hyperopia was found to be linked to a different pattern of biological processes, mostly related to organogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene PTPN11 and hyperopia.