[12] Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 have been linked to cardiac hypertrophy, reduced contractility, increased arrhythmia susceptibility, increased C-reactive protein, coronary artery disease [13] and raise stroke risk, while tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is associated with LV dilatation and dysfunction and HF progression. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.