NAF samples collected from non-cancer and cancer women for cytokine profiling found no difference in anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-9, IL-10 and IL-13), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2 and interferon-γ), immuno-modulatory interleukins (IL-5, IL-7) or chemokines (RANTES, IP-10, eotaxin). Here, IL5 is linked to cancer.