PON1 and atherosclerosis: The retention of modified LDL in sub‐endothelial extracellular matrix and its internalization by monocytes/macrophages is a hallmark of atherosclerosis.19 High‐density lipoprotein (HDL) has anti‐atherogenic properties, primarily as a result of reverse cholesterol transport and by protecting lipoproteins from oxidation.20 Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an anti‐oxidative enzyme mainly found in HDL.