Thus, our novel palmitoylated PrRP31 analog was capable of ameliorating glucose tolerance and attenuating hyperinsulinemia and the insulin/glucagon ratio in SHROB rats similar to previously described treatments with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor 1 blockers30–32, a PPARγ agonist33, and the dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor sitagliptin20, though most likely via a different mechanism of action and by targeting different receptor(s). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is hyperinsulinism.