MAPK3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Not only was miR-494 the most downregulated miRNA when oncogenic ERK1/2 signaling was blocked, but its upregulation potentiated TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) resistance via inhibition of pro-apoptotic Bim (Bcl-2-like protein 11), a protein known to be suppressed in NSCLC resistant to several antineoplastic agents39–42.