These differentially expressed interactors were identified using gene expression profiling in lung tissue and in vitro, in vivo, and in silico datasets that identified genes with evidence of interaction with one of the three genes (HHIP, FAM13A, and IREB2) implicated by in-depth functional studies at COPD GWAS loci. The gene discussed is HHIP; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.