Furthermore, implantation of CD18/HPAF pancreatic cancer cells into immuno-deficient mice, demonstrates that nicotine treatment activates α7-nAChR and mediates tumor metastasis via Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 signaling in synergy with mitogen activated protein kinase (Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK1/2) signalling pathway [135]. Here, JAK2 is linked to neoplasm.