During multivariate logistic regression female sex (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.1; 95% CI 2.5–7.0) and a CD4 count <200 cell/ul (aOR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.3–4.4) were associated with increased risk of having anemia while being on ART for more than 10 years (aOR = 0.4; 95% CI 0.2–0.8) and having a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 were associated with a reduced risk of anemia (Table 3). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is anemia (phenotype).