G6PD and G6PD deficiency: In Italy, G6PD deficiency is characterized by extreme molecular and biochemical heterogeneity; in addition to Sardinia and Sicily, where higher disease prevalence is present (from 2 to 15%), G6PD-deficient subjects are also found in other Italian regions, such as Campania, Basilicata, Puglia and Lazio.7 All these regions presented endemic malaria in the past.