NFKB1 and melanoma: In addition, β-carotene treatment also inhibited the activation and nuclear translocation of p65, p50, and c-Rel sub-units of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), as well as other transcription factors such as c-fos, activated transcription factor-2, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein in B16F-10 melanoma cells [70].