Several studies demonstrate that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke activates airway epithelium triggering different signaling pathways involved in the inflammatory and fibrotic responses associated to COPD development, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) [3, 32], Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) [3, 32], and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) [33]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.