CCR5 and infection: In our study, CRT was determined on plasma samples; while a direct fibrogenic action of HIV envelope protein has been demonstrated in HSCs [12]; nonetheless, whether X4 or R5 strains have a different weight on the overall fibrogenetic process is reasonably also dependent on a different expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 receptors in liver tissue, which can change over the course of the infection and according to different clinical conditions.