OASL and viral infectious disease: Signaling of viral infection through RLRs launches an immune response that is characterized by the transcriptional up-regulation of many antiviral molecules, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines like C-X-C motif ligands, C-C motif ligands, and IFN-α/β/λ, and IFN-stimulated genes like OASL (2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase-like) and MX-1 (MX Dynamin Like GTPase 1) [20].