Cancers that went on to re-excision were more often associated with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (31 vs. 12%; p = 0.01), were less often estrogen receptor positive (ER+) (50% vs. 73%; p = 0.01) and less often progesterone receptor positive (PR+) (36% vs. 60%; p = 0.01), as compared to cancers that did not undergo re-excision (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and ductal breast carcinoma in situ.