ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Although the underlying mechanism for the observed interaction with obesity is still unclear, the Mendelian randomization study hypothesized that the observed interaction with BMI may be due to the interaction between adiposity and the ADIPOQ SNPs, in which the transcription factors could have been regulated by the inflammatory mediators to stimulate the binding site and thus cause up-regulation of the related gene39.