Furthermore, TGF-βRI Inhibitor can mitigate DHEA exposed ovarian fibrosis by downregulating TGF-β downstream molecular α--SMA (mesenchymal marker vimentin) and upregulating one of ECM-independent factors - MMP2, thus attenuating the accretion of collagen in ovary tissue of vehicle-treated PCOS-like rats (Fig. 5d and g). The gene discussed is SMN1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.