IL6 and atherosclerosis: Results of our study indicated HIV infection was associated with elevated levels of IL-6 and reduced HDL-C regardless of antiretroviral use (treated or untreated) or type (Non PI-ART or PI-ART), Both parameters may contribute to premature atherosclerosis and mortality through chronic inflammation, thrombotic activity, and damage to the endothelial structure [10, 38, 40].