Therefore, we expressed the comparison of both methods as an ERVWE1 ratio that was evaluated in certain cell line, i.e., in normal human astrocytes (NHA), U-87 MG astrocytoma cells, and in placental tissue compared to total ERVWE1 expression measured in all cells (Fig. 4). This evidence concerns the gene ERVW-1 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).