BRAF and melanoma: Furthermore, HER3 up-regulation as a consequence of MEK inhibitor was observed in BRAF mutant thyroid carcinomas and melanomas [61], whereas trametinib was shown to induce hyper-phosphorylation of HER3 in BRAFV600E/K melanoma [35], and selumetinib-induced resistance in KRAS mutant lung and colon cancer is due to the transcriptional induction of HER3 [36].