For example, host eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A1 (EEF1A1) can interact with NS3 and NS5 proteins of Japanese encephalitis (JEV) to form a complex that is essential for JEV replication, miR-33a can target EEF1A1 and reduce its expression, thus suppressing JEV replication (31). This evidence concerns the gene RAF1 and viral encephalitis.