Therefore, once parasite infection is activated, B and T cells may participate in an immune response against Plasmodium as follows: (1) antibodies targeting the parasite toxins protect against disease; (2) T cells are important immunity effectors against the blood stage of malaria infections; and (3) cytokines released by CD4+ T cells are critical for the proliferation and maturation of B cells (Rénia and Goh, 2016). Here, CD4 is linked to parasitic infectious disease.