SERPINE1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Numerous studies have reported elevated serum and tissue levels of PAI-1 in diabetic individuals (Oishi, 2009; Krause et al., 2011a; Rebalka et al., 2015), and recent studies from our lab have identified PAI-1 as a key component of delayed skeletal muscle and skin repair in T1D rodent models (Krause et al., 2011a; Rebalka et al., 2015).