CD4 and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps: CRSwNP patients had significantly more total tissue CD4+ T helper cells compared to CRSsNP and control mucosa (90.73 ± 20.47 vs. 39.72 ± 11.14 vs. 22.24 ± 10.07 per mg of tissue respectively, Kruskal-Wallis p < 0.01) (Figure 1A).