TNF and Hepatitis: To determine whether the WD induced liver inflammation and whether dapagliflozin could attenuate that inflammation, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Osteopontin (OPN) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1) mRNA abundance were measured (Figure 7A–E).