The rSMP-3/saponin-vaccinated mice produced high levels of protein and parasite-specific IFN-γ, IL-12, and GM-CSF before infection (Figure 3a), which was associated with a higher production of the IgG2a isotype than the IgG1 molecule (Figure 3b), thus showing a Th1 immune response in these animals. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and infection.