Our findings that ALDH3B2 rs34589365, rs3741172, rs4646823, rs78402723, rs7947978, rs866907 and rs9787887 polymorphisms were not implicated with altered susceptibility of ESCC in different age, gender, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking status, when interpreted with caution, could be helpful in evaluating the susceptibility to ESCC. Here, ALDH3B2 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.